Some googling resultet in different web.config-modifications, some said to set requestValidationMode="4.0" to requestValidationMode="2.0" in <system.web>-node, others recommended to set validateRequest="false"in <pages>-node. In fact for it only worked after I did both changes. So search for
<system.web>
<httpRuntime requestValidationMode="4.0" />
</system.web>
and set requestValidationMode to "2.0" and search for
<pages enableSessionState="false" enableViewState="true" enableViewStateMac="true" validateRequest="true" clientIDMode="AutoID" pageParserFilterType="Microsoft.SharePoint.ApplicationRuntime.SPPageParserFilter, Microsoft.SharePoint, Version=15.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=71e9bce111e9429c" asyncTimeout="7">
<namespaces>
<remove namespace="System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts" />
</namespaces>
<tagMapping>
<add tagType="System.Web.UI.WebControls.SqlDataSource, System.Web, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" mappedTagType="Microsoft.SharePoint.WebControls.SPSqlDataSource, Microsoft.SharePoint, Version=15.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=71e9bce111e9429c" />
</tagMapping>
<controls>
<add tagPrefix="asp" namespace="System.Web.UI" assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" />
<add tagPrefix="spsswc" namespace="Microsoft.Office.Server.Search.WebControls" assembly="Microsoft.Office.Server.Search, Version=15.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=71e9bce111e9429c" />
</controls>
</pages>
and set validateRequest to "false".